Exemestane

Exemestane, sold under the brand name Aromasin, is an oral medication used as an anti-estrogen agent. It is primarily used in the treatment of breast cancer, specifically in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women globally, with over 2 million new cases diagnosed in 2018 alone. Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer accounts for about 75% of all breast cancers. Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer means that the cancer cells have receptors for estrogen or progesterone, which stimulate the growth of the cancer cells. Exemestane works by inhibiting the enzyme aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogen. This results in a decrease in circulating estrogen levels in the body, which can slow or stop the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells.

Exemestane is taken orally, usually once a day, with or without food. The dosage depends on various factors such as the patient’s age, body weight, and medical history. The recommended daily dose of exemestane for postmenopausal women with early or advanced breast cancer is 25 mg per day, which is usually taken for 5 years. Patients with liver or kidney problems may require a lower dose of the medication. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and schedule to achieve the maximum benefit from the medication.

Exemestane is generally well-tolerated by patients, but like all medications, it can have side effects. The most common side effects of exemestane include hot flashes, joint pain, fatigue, sweating, headache, and insomnia. These side effects are usually mild to moderate in intensity and tend to improve over time. In rare cases, exemestane may cause more serious side effects such as bone fractures, blood clots, or liver problems. Patients should report any unusual symptoms or side effects to their doctor immediately.

Exemestane is contraindicated in premenopausal women, as well as in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Exemestane may also interact with other medications, so it is important to inform the doctor of any other medications, supplements, or herbal remedies that the patient is taking before starting treatment with exemestane.